Definition of the Quaternary Climatic changes in the Quaternary: reasons, proxies, impact of climatic changes on evolution of fauna and flora Quaternary stratigraphy: »alpine« stratigraphy, isotope stratigraphy, climatochronology, correlation of marine and terrestrial stratigraphy, tools and methods Relative methods (stratigraphic, paleontological, geomorphological, pedological, petrographical, sedimentological) Absolute methods in Quaternary studies: basic concepts, usability, materials Main ... Read more
Introduction to sedimentary petrology Origin, classification, and occurrence of sedimentary rocks Sedimentary texture Sedimentary structure Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks: – composition and classification: conglomerates, sandstones, mudstones and shales – diagenesis and porosity – provenance of siliciclastic sedimentary rocks Carbonate sedimentary rocks – composition and classification: limestones, dolomites – diagenesis of limestones – dolomitization and dolomites Carbonate ... Read more
theoretical petrology (basic genesis of igneous and metamorphic rocks, the general problems of their mineral and chemical composition, crystallisation of basic binary and ternary systems, magma differentiation and mineral crystallisation sequence of different types of magmas, metamorphic physicochemical principles and mechanism of minerals in metamorphic rocks and the nature of metamorphism ) systematic petrology (different ... Read more
Soil structure; vertical and horizontal variability of soil properties. Soil forming factors and soil development: Parent material: weathering processes and mineral constituents of soil. Topography – soil relations with time, soil catenas Climate: influence of climatic parameters on soil development and soil properties. Soil organisms: accumulation and decomposition of organic residues, humus synthesis and its ... Read more
The course content gives overview of geological bases of the different metal mineral deposits. There is an emphasis on the recognition of genetic processes of magmatic, pegmatite, pneumatolitic and hydrothermal as well as contact-metamorphic mineral deposits. At the Microscopy Lab students get insight into microscopic identification of different ores and mineral deposits and their textural ... Read more
Introduction to geochemistry Fundamentals of thermodynamics and applications in geochemistry Geochemical characteristics of the elements The distribution of the elements Geochemistry of magmatic processes (crust, mantle) Interpretation of the major elements in igneous petrology Interpretation of trace elements in igneous petrology Geochemical processes of weathering Geochemistry of sedimentary rocks Geochemistry of metamorphic rocks Cosmogeochemistry Radioisotopes ... Read more
Introduction into theory of science: meaning of science; science as ontology category Scientific explanations: definition, hypothesis, theory, paradigm, falsifiability Bibliographic rules Literature resources Professional texts writing Scientific and professional works: scientific papers, reports, seminars, thesis, projects Content of scientific and professional works Graphical annexes Literature citing Data bases: COBISS, Web of Science, SICRIS, bibliography bases ... Read more
Sampling and preparation of data, analytics quality control Probability and distributions Univariate statistics Descriptive statistics Statistical inference Analysis of variance Bivariate statistics Non-parametric statistics Oriented data and circular statistics Time series analysis – basics Introduction to multivariate methods
Sample and sampling Preparation of samples for analysis: aqueous solution, solid mineral substances, biological samples, preparation of a thin sections and polished sections Choosing and designing the appropriate methods of investigation Optical microscopy: polarizing microscope, properties of light, refractometry, isotropic minerals, anisotropic minerals, morphological properties, optical properties X-ray crystallography Electronic microscopy: EDS, BSE, WDS, SEM-CL, ... Read more
Initiation of life on Earth, Pre-Cambrian Life and early diversification of life in Cambrian and Ordovician Theory of evolution Process of fossilisation, completeness of the fossil record Features and systematics of microfossils, fossil plant and animal (invertebrate and vertebrate) groups Ichnology: the study of fossil traces Rules of taxonomical nomenclature Tutorial on recognition of fossil ... Read more