Goals: to introduce basic physical and chemical processes that occur on surfaces of solids and are important for material properties, technological applications and development of new advanced technologies. Topics: physico-chemical fundamentals of vacuum engineering with emphasis on high and ultrahigh vacuum; learning that free surfaces of solids have internal boundaries and thin layers that have different properties from properties of bulk; learning and selecting suitable examination methods to determine the composition, chemical state of elements, electron properties and crystal structures on surfaces. Phenomena and properties related to surfaces are presented, such as adsorption, desorption, work function of electrons, surface energy and surface tension and structure.
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